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The neutronics activities carried out by ENEA in support of the ITER, DEMO, DTT, and EUROfusion programmes span a over a wide range of topics related to nuclear fusion technology. These activities include advanced three-dimensional neutronics analyses, activation calculations, and radiation shielding studies as well as experimental campaigs dedicated to the validation of codes and nuclear data, detectors and electronics design development.
The major activities in the ITER framework include nuclear studies supporting the integration of diagnostic equatorial ports (EP #2, #8 and #12), including the evaluation of nuclear loads on both the in-vessel and ex-vessel components, as well as comprehensive shutdown dose rate (SDDR) and activation assessments In addition, dedicated development of neutron source models and performance analyses have been carried out in support of the Radial Neutron Camera, with the aim of enabling two-dimensional neutron emissivity reconstruction.
Within EUROfusion, ENEA contributes to neutronics activities for DEMO and DEMO-LAR through analyses of the divertor and WCLL (water-cooled lithium lead) breeding blanket, with particular focus on tritium self-sufficiency and radiation shielding performance.
Significant effort is also devoted to the experimental validation of predictive tools and nuclear data, addressing key phenomena such as neutron streaming, shutdown dose rate (SDDR), and water activation. These studies, based on data from JET DT3 campaign, are complemented by benchmark activities on material activation measurements and dosimetry system development in DT radiation environments in support of ITER.
At FNG, ENEA leads and supports a wide range of benchmark shielding experiments on key materials (i.e. concrete, tungsten) as well as the development novel detectors and radiation hardness testing on electronics (RADNEXT framework, GENeuSIS project). Furthermore, a dedicated water loop has been designed and procured for the study and validation of ACP chemical behaviour and transport mechanism.
The new DTT neutronics model has been developed, integrating the latest updates in the machine design. Such model has been used to assess the impact of impurities on structural materials in terms of SDDR and it will be employed as a baseline configuration for the future nuclear analyses.
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